AC smoking exhaust How to earn on an old car?
Renovation of old cars is a very profitable venture, especially when really we gain experience in this matter, and cars leaving our workshop turned into real gems automotive industry. While many people engaged in this activity are people who have no training in this area, it does not mean, however, that renewed their cars are worth nothing. Not only that - very often replace an old car in a modern and luxurious car turns out to be really gold investment. No wonder that the number of people interested in restoration of stylish and often very old cars is expanding from year to year.
Why go on a driving course other categories?
There is no doubt that the most popular is the driving enabling management of passenger cars. Today, few who do not already have such a document. But there are many other categories of driving licenses, which entitle to drive other vehicles. Such courses are also conducted in the centers involved in the training of drivers of passenger cars. Why go for a license in a different category? Primarily related to an increase in opportunities. Those fascinated by motorcycles are not allowed to drive them without holding a driving license in the category. The same is true for buses and big trucks and other vehicles.
Internal combustion engine
"ICEV" redirects here. For the form of water ice, see Ice V. For the high speed train, see ICE V.
Diagram of a cylinder as found in 4-stroke gasoline engines.:
C ? crankshaft.
E ? exhaust camshaft.
I ? inlet camshaft.
P ? piston.
R ? connecting rod.
S ? spark plug.
V ? valves. red: exhaust, blue: intake.
W ? cooling water jacket.
gray structure ? engine block.
Diagram describing the ideal combustion cycle by Carnot
An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit. In an internal combustion engine the expansion of the high-temperature and high-pressure gases produced by combustion apply direct force to some component of the engine. The force is applied typically to pistons, turbine blades, rotor or a nozzle. This force moves the component over a distance, transforming chemical energy into useful mechanical energy.
The first commercially successful internal combustion engine was created by Étienne Lenoir around 18591 and the first modern internal combustion engine was created in 1876 by Nikolaus Otto (see Otto engine).
The term internal combustion engine usually refers to an engine in which combustion is intermittent, such as the more familiar four-stroke and two-stroke piston engines, along with variants, such as the six-stroke piston engine and the Wankel rotary engine. A second class of internal combustion engines use continuous combustion: gas turbines, jet engines and most rocket engines, each of which are internal combustion engines on the same principle as previously described.12 Firearms are also a form of internal combustion engine.2
Internal combustion engines are quite different from external combustion engines, such as steam or Stirling engines, in which the energy is delivered to a working fluid not consisting of, mixed with, or contaminated by combustion products. Working fluids can be air, hot water, pressurized water or even liquid sodium, heated in a boiler. ICEs are usually powered by energy-dense fuels such as gasoline or diesel, liquids derived from fossil fuels. While there are many stationary applications, most ICEs are used in mobile applications and are the dominant power supply for vehicles such as cars, aircraft, and boats.
Typically an ICE is fed with fossil fuels like natural gas or petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel fuel or fuel oil. There's a growing usage of renewable fuels like biodiesel for compression ignition engines and bioethanol or methanol for spark ignition engines. Hydrogen is sometimes used, and can be made from either fossil fuels or renewable energy.
Źródło: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine